As the second largest continent, Africa has an area of 30.3 million square kilometers, which represents 20.4 percent of the Earth’s land area.
The name Africa derives from Roman times. In Roman times, “Africa” was the name of the Carthage area of present-day northeast Tunisia.
Later, Africa became the name of the south coast of the Mediterranean and has been the name of the African continent since the Middle Ages.
Africa is often divided into the regions of North Africa, West Africa, Central Africa, South Africa and East Africa.
The continent consists of 54 independent states and 8 territories. In addition, 2 states come with limited or lack of international recognition: Somaliland and Western Sahara. Three states are monarchies, and the rest are republics.
As of 2020, there are a total of 54 countries in Africa. Among all African countries, Nigeria is the largest one by population and Seychelles is the smallest.
Sit back and enjoy this educative thread for full list of African countries and their current leaders in alphabetical order as obtained by Mr. Odewale Adesoye. Please note that the official name of each country is in the bracket.
1. Algeria (People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria):
Capital: Algiers
Leader: Abdelmadjid Tebboune
2. Angola (Republic of Angola)
Capital: Luanda
Leaders: João Lourenço
3. Benin (Republic of Benin)
Capital: Porto-Novo
Leader: Patrice Talon
4. Botswana (Republic of Botswana)
Capital: Gaborone
Leader: Mokgweetsi Masisi
5. Burkina Faso (Burkina Faso)
Capital: Ouagadougou
Leader: Roch Marc Christian Kaboré
6. Burundi (Republic of Burundi)
Capital: Gitega
Leader: Évariste Ndayishimiye
7.Cameroon (Republic of Cameroon)
Capital: Yaounde
Leader: Paul Biya
8.Cabo Verde (Republic of Cabo Verde)
Capital: Praia
Leader: Jorge Carlos Fonseca
9. Central African Republic (Central African Republic)
Capital: Bangui
Leader: Faustin-Archange Touadéra
10. Chad (Republic of Chad)
Capital: N'Djamena
Leader: Mahamat Idriss Deby
11. Comoros (Union of the Comoros)
Capital: Moroni
Leader: Azali Assoumani
12. Côte d’Ivoire (Republic of Côte d’Ivoire)
Capital: Yamoussoukro and Abidjan
Leader: Alassane Ouattara
13. Democratic Republic of the Congo (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
Capital: Kinshasa
Leader: Felix Tshisekedi
14. Djibouti (Republic of Djibouti)
Capital: Djibouti (City)
Leader: Ismail Omar Guelleh
15. Egypt (Arab Republic of Egypt)
Capital: Cairo
Leader: Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi
16. Equatorial Guinea (Republic of Equatorial Guinea)
Capital: Malabo (de jure),
Oyala (seat of government)
Leader: Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
17. Eritrea (State of Eritrea)
Capital: Asmara
Leader: Isaias Afwerki
18. Eswatini (Kingdom of Eswatini)
Capital: Mbabane (administrative),
Lobamba (legislative, royal)
Leader: Mswati III
19. Ethiopia (Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia)
Capital: Addis Ababa
Leader: Sahle-Work Zewde
20. Gabon (Gabonese Republic)
Capital: Libreville
Leader: Ali Bongo Ondimba
21. Gambia (Republic of the Gambia)
Capital: Banjul
Leader: Adama Barrow
22. Ghana (Republic of Ghana)
Capital: Accra
Leader: Nana Akufo-Addo
23. Guinea (Republic of Guinea)
Capital: Conakry
Leader: Formerly Alpha Condé but Military has taken over from him.
24. Guinea-Bissau (Republic of Guinea-Bissau)
Capital: Bissau
Leader: Umaro Sissoco Embaló
25. Kenya (Republic of Kenya)
Capital: Nairobi
Leader: Uhuru Kenyatta
26. Lesotho (Kingdom of Lesotho)
Capital: Maseru
Leader: Moeketsi Majoro
27. Liberia (Republic of Liberia)
Capital: Monrovia
Leader: George Weah
28. Libya (State of Libya)
Capital: Tripoli
Leader: Fayez al-Sarraj
29. Madagascar (Republic of Madagascar)
Capital: Antananarivo
Leader: Andry Rajoelina
30. Malawi (Republic of Malawi)
Capital: Lilongwe
Leader: Lazarus Chakwera
31. Mali (Republic of Mali)
Capital: Bamako
Leader: Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta
32. Mauritania (Islamic Republic of Mauritania)
Capital: Nouakchott
Leader: Mohamed Ould Ghazouani
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33. Mauritius (Republic of Mauritius)
Capital: Port Louis
Leader: Prithvirajsing Roopun
34. Morocco (Kingdom of Morocco)
Capital: Rabat
Leader: Aziz Akhannouch
35. Mozambique (Republic of Mozambique)
Capital: Maputo
Leader: Filipe Nyusi
36. Namibia (Republic of Namibia)
Capital: Windhoek
Leader: Hage Geingob
37. Niger (Republic of the Niger)
Capital: Niamey
Leader: Mohammed Bazoum
38. Nigeria (Federal Republic of Nigeria)
Capital: Abuja
Leader: Muhammadu Buhari
39. (Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo)
Capital: Kinshasa
Leader: Denis Sassou Nguesso
40. (Rwanda Republic of Rwanda)
Capital: Kigali
Leader: Paul Kagame
41. Sao Tome and Principle (Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principle)
Capital: São Tomé
Leader: Carlos Vila Nova
42. Senegal (Republic of Senegal)
Capital: Dakar
Leader: Macky Sall
43. Seychelles (Republic of Seychelles)
Capital: Victoria
Leader: Wavel Ramkalawan
44. Sierra Leone (Republic of Sierra Leone)
Capital: Freetown
Leader: Julius Maada Bio
45. Somalia (Federal Republic of Somalia)
Capital: Mogadishu
Leader: Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo
46. South Africa (Republic of South Africa)
Capital: Pretoria (administrative),
Cape Town (legislative),
Bloemfontein (judicial)
Leader: Cyril Ramaphosa
47. South Sudan (Republic of South Sudan)
Capital: Juba
Leader: Salva Kiir Mayardit
48. Sudan (Republic of the Sudan)
Capital: Khartoum
Leader: Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
49. Tanzania (United Republic of Tanzania)
Capital: Dodoma)
Leader: Samia Suluhu Hassan
50. Togo (Togolese Republic)
Capital: Lomé
Leader: Faure Gnassingbé
51. Tunisia (Republic of Tunisia)
Capital: Tunis
Leader: Kais Saied
52. Uganda (Republic of Uganda)
Capital: Kampala
Leader: Yoweri Museveni
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53. Zambia (Republic of Zambia)
Capital: Lusaka
Leader: Hakainde Hichilema
54. Zimbabwe (Republic of Zimbabwe)
Capital: Harare
Leader: Emmerson Mnangagwa
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